What are complementary and alternative therapies?

– Complementary therapies: These therapies are used alongside traditional cancer treatments to help relieve symptoms, reduce side effects, and enhance overall health. They are not intended to replace standard treatments, but rather as a “complement”. For example, acupuncture is used for pain management, massage therapy relieves stress, and certain dietary supplements are used to support nutritional status.

– Alternative treatments: These treatments are used instead of traditional cancer treatments. Some patients choose alternative treatments because of personal beliefs, a desire to use more natural treatments, or because standard treatments are ineffective or inappropriate. For example, specific diets, herbal remedies, and energy therapies. 

Common types of complementary and alternative therapies

1. Mind and body therapy

– Meditation and Mindfulness: These practices are designed to reduce stress and promote mental health. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and meditation can help cancer patients manage anxiety, depression and pain.

– Yoga and Tai Chi: Gentle body movements combined with breath control and meditation can improve flexibility, balance, strength and mental relaxation.

2. Dietary and Herbal Supplements

– Vitamins and minerals: Supplements such as vitamin D, selenium, and omega-3 fatty acids are sometimes used to boost the immune system and manage the side effects of cancer treatment. However, any supplement should be used under the guidance of a health care provider, as some may interact with cancer treatments.

– Herbal remedies: Certain herbs such as turmeric, green tea extract, and milk thistle are being explored for their potential anti-cancer properties. However, their efficacy and safety may vary and should be used under the guidance of a qualified professional.

3. Acupuncture and acupoint massage

– Acupuncture involves inserting thin needles into specific areas of the body to help manage common symptoms during cancer treatment, such as nausea, pain, and fatigue. Acupressure, which uses pressure rather than needles, can also relieve symptoms.

4. Massage therapy

– Massage therapy can provide relaxation, reduce pain, and improve mood for cancer patients. Different techniques, such as Swedish massage, lymphatic drainage and aromatherapy massage, can be adapted to the patient’s needs and sensitivity.

5. Nutritional therapy

– Cancer-specific diet: Some cancer patients follow a specific eating plan, such as a plant-based diet, a ketogenic diet, or an anti-inflammatory diet. These methods are designed to enhance the body’s ability to fight cancer and manage side effects. However, any major dietary changes should be supervised by a nutritionist or healthcare provider.

– Probiotics and prebiotics: These can support gut health, which is often compromised during cancer treatment.

6. Energy Therapy

– Reiki and Energy Healing: These energy-based therapies involve the therapist using hand movements to direct energy into the patient’s body to reduce stress and promote healing.

– Qigong: A traditional Chinese practice that combines movement, meditation, and breath control to enhance physical and mental health.

The role of complementary and alternative therapies in cancer care

Although complementary and alternative therapies are not designed to cure cancer, they can play an important role in supporting the quality of life of cancer patients. These treatments can help:

– Manage symptoms and side effects: Many complementary therapies, such as acupuncture, massage, and dietary supplements, can help reduce treatment-related side effects, such as pain, nausea, and fatigue.

– Improve mental and emotional health: Mind-body therapies, such as meditation, yoga, and tai chi, can enhance emotional health and help patients cope with the stress of diagnosis and treatment.

– Enhance overall health: Holistic therapies can improve general health by focusing on nutrition, exercise, and stress management.

Notes and precautions

Patients considering complementary and alternative therapies should do so under the supervision of their health care team. Some treatments may interact with traditional treatments, making them less effective or causing adverse reactions. Therefore, consultation should be made with an experienced professional who has a thorough understanding of the needs of cancer patients and traditional and complementary therapies.

Conclusion

Complementary and alternative therapies can provide cancer patients with supportive care to improve their quality of life. These therapies offer potential benefits for managing symptoms, improving mental and emotional well-being, and promoting overall health. However, these therapies should be used responsibly and in coordination with traditional cancer treatments to ensure the safest, most effective care.

References

– National Cancer Institute. (2020). Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam

– American Cancer Society. (2019). Complementary and Alternative Methods and Cancer. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancer-basics/complementary -and-alternative-medicine.html

– Smith, P. J., & Blumenthal, J. A. (2020). Alternative therapies for cancer: Evidence-based review and treatment considerations. Cancer, 126(9), 1856 -1862.

– Wong, J. H., & Seeram, N. P. (2021). Herbal supplements for cancer prevention and treatment. Journal of Herbal Medicine, 27, 100413.

Medical Disclaimer:

The information provided in this article is for educational and reference purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical diagnosis, treatment or advice. Always consult your physician or other qualified health professional with any questions you may have regarding your medical condition or medical problems. The content of this article is not intended to recommend any specific test, treatment, or medication and should not be considered such advice. If you develop symptoms or need medical assistance, please contact a medical professional promptly.