Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death globally, and Hong Kong is no exception. Recent statistics have revealed significant shifts in the prevalence of various cancer types, underscoring the need for continued awareness and early detection. According to the latest data, breast cancer has now overtaken colorectal cancer to become the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in Hong Kong.

 

Top Ten Cancer Types in Hong Kong

The Hong Kong Cancer Registry’s latest report highlights the ten most prevalent cancers in Hong Kong. This ranking reflects trends in diagnosis rates and the increasing demand for preventive health measures and cancer awareness. The current top ten cancers in Hong Kong are as follows:

1. Lung Cancer: Consistently one of the most common and deadly cancers, lung cancer remains at the top due to high smoking rates and air pollution exposure.
2. Breast Cancer: Now the second most common cancer, breast cancer diagnoses have been rising steadily, with over 5,200 new cases recorded in the past year. This shift emphasizes the importance of regular screening and early detection, particularly among women.
3. Colorectal Cancer: Previously ranked second, colorectal cancer has seen a slight decline in ranking but remains a major health concern due to lifestyle factors like diet and physical inactivity.
4. Prostate Cancer: Affecting mainly older men, prostate cancer ranks high, reinforcing the need for age-specific screenings.
5. Liver Cancer: Linked to hepatitis infections and lifestyle factors, liver cancer continues to pose a significant risk to Hong Kong residents.
6. Stomach Cancer: This cancer type is associated with dietary habits and Helicobacter pylori infection.
7. Nasopharyngeal Cancer: Unique to regions in Southern China, including Hong Kong, nasopharyngeal cancer is linked to genetic and environmental factors.
8. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: This blood cancer affects the lymphatic system and has been rising in prevalence.
9. Skin Cancer: Though less common than other cancers, skin cancer remains a concern, particularly with increasing sun exposure.
10. Thyroid Cancer: Generally treatable, thyroid cancer cases have been on the rise, particularly among younger women.

 

The Rise of Breast Cancer

        Breast cancer’s ascension to the second spot in the rankings highlights a growing health issue, especially for women. The report indicates that over 5,200 people were diagnosed with breast cancer in the last year alone. Factors contributing to this rise may include lifestyle changes, genetic predisposition, and increased awareness leading to more screenings. However, the growing numbers also underline the need for continued public education on risk factors, prevention, and the importance of regular mammograms and self-exams.

 

Understanding the Contributing Factors

        Various lifestyle and environmental factors contribute to the high cancer incidence in Hong Kong. These include smoking, diet, alcohol consumption, and exposure to air pollution. Additionally, factors such as aging population demographics and genetic predispositions play a role in cancer prevalence. Public health initiatives aimed at lifestyle changes, along with early screening and detection programs, are crucial in mitigating these risks.

 

Importance of Screening and Early Detection

        Early detection remains one of the most effective ways to improve cancer outcomes. For breast cancer, mammograms and regular self-examinations can help detect abnormalities before symptoms appear, leading to earlier treatment and improved survival rates. Similarly, colorectal cancer screenings, such as colonoscopies, can detect precancerous polyps before they develop into full-blown cancer.

        The Hong Kong government and various health organizations have been advocating for regular cancer screenings. In recent years, more resources have been allocated to making these screenings accessible and educating the public about the importance of early detection.

 

Moving Forward: A Call to Action for Cancer Prevention

        The rise in breast cancer cases and the continued prevalence of other cancers signal a need for Hong Kong’s healthcare system and community to prioritize cancer prevention and awareness. Public education campaigns on smoking cessation, diet improvement, regular exercise, and cancer screenings are vital. Additionally, enhancing support for cancer patients and survivors is critical for improving their quality of life and overall survival.

        As Hong Kong grapples with shifting cancer trends, there is hope that continued advancements in medical research, early detection methods, and treatment options will help reduce the burden of this disease.

 

Conclusion

        Cancer remains a formidable health challenge in Hong Kong, with lung and breast cancer leading the way in diagnoses. The latest ranking not only highlights the importance of early screening but also calls for a more proactive approach to public health education and lifestyle modifications. By taking preventive measures and promoting awareness, Hong Kong can work towards reducing cancer’s impact on its population.

 

References

• Yahoo News. (2024). 本港十大癌症最新排名︱乳癌超越大腸癌成第二多新症　一年逾 5200 人確診. Link to article.

 

Medical Disclaimer:

The information provided in this article is for educational and informational purposes only, does not constitute medical advice, and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical diagnosis, treatment, or advice. Always consult your physician or other qualified health professional with any questions you may have regarding your medical condition or medical problems. The content of this article is not intended to recommend any specific test, treatment, or medication and should not be considered such advice. If you develop symptoms or require medical assistance, please contact a medical professional promptly.