Chemotherapy affects everyone differently, depending on the type of drug, dosage, and individual response. Some of the most common side effects include:

• Fatigue –
A frequent complaint, fatigue may result from the body’s response to treatment, anemia, or the general toll of fighting cancer.

• Nausea & Vomiting –
These are common side effects caused by the impact of chemotherapy drugs on the stomach or brain.

• Hair Loss –
Often temporary, hair loss occurs because chemotherapy targets all fast-growing cells, including hair follicles.

• Infection Risk –
Chemotherapy lowers white blood cell counts, weakening your immune system and increasing susceptibility to infections. Even minor illnesses can become serious, so monitoring and prevention are critical.

• Bleeding or Bruising Easily –
Some drugs affect platelets, the cells responsible for blood clotting. This can lead to easy bruising, frequent nosebleeds, or prolonged bleeding from small cuts.

• Anaemia –
A decrease in red blood cells can cause tiredness, shortness of breath, and dizziness. Addressing anemia can help improve your energy levels during treatment.

• Infertility –
Certain chemotherapy drugs can affect fertility temporarily or permanently. Discussing fertility preservation before treatment is an important step, especially for younger patients.

• Lymphoedema –
This is a swelling—often in the arms or legs—caused by damage to the lymphatic system. It’s more common when chemotherapy is combined with surgery or radiation in areas near lymph nodes.

• Mouth Sores & Digestive Issues –
Chemotherapy can affect the lining of your mouth and gut, causing sores, changes in appetite, constipation, or diarrhea.

• Skin and Nail Changes –
Dryness, sensitivity, discoloration, or brittleness may occur.