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In the past, cancer treatment was often “one-size-fits-all”:
patients with the same type of lung, breast, or colorectal cancer received largely similar protocols.
But growing evidence shows that every tumour has a unique genetic expression, signalling pathways, and drug response — as individual as a fingerprint.
Personalised treatment plans have emerged to shift care from “generally effective” to “precisely targeted”.

Iron deficiency after chemotherapy is experienced by more than 50 % of patients.
Chemotherapy drugs not only suppress bone-marrow blood production but also cause gut absorption issues, chronic blood loss, or inflammatory consumption, rapidly depleting iron stores.
Iron is not just the “raw material for haemoglobin” — it is essential for oxygen transport, energy production, and immune function.
When iron is low, your body signals the need for replenishment through these symptoms.

Vitamin D is not just the “sunshine vitamin” — it is essential for bone health, calcium absorption, and muscle function.
When vitamin D levels are low, bone pain is often one of the earliest and most noticeable warning signs.
This is not simply “ageing” or “overwork” — it is your body signalling “I lack the raw materials to repair my bones”.

Hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin <3.5 g/dL) is one of the most common nutritional issues during and after cancer treatment. It is not just a “low number” — it can lead to oedema, fatigue, slow wound healing, reduced immunity, and even affect the ability to continue treatment. Understanding the typical stages when it occurs allows you and your physician to prevent and manage it proactively.

Surgery is complete and the tumour has been removed —
many believe the hardest part is over.
But for most patients, the real challenge begins in the postoperative phase:
How to heal wounds faster? When will fatigue finally lift?
How to monitor recurrence risk? Can quality of life return to normal?

When cancer treatment — especially haematological malignancies, bone-marrow transplantation, long-term corticosteroids, or rituximab —
drives the immune system into “low-battery mode”,
the most common consequences are:
colds that drag on for weeks, recurrent pneumonia, shingles covering half the body, wounds that refuse to heal…

oral mucosa shredded, swallowing feels like broken glass, taste disappears, weight drops 1–2 kg per week…
The sentence we hear most often is:
“I know I need protein, but I physically can’t eat or swallow anything.”

Virtually every patient on androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) faces progressive bone loss:
on average 4–7 % per year of treatment,
with fracture risk rising 2- to 5-fold within five years.
A single hip or vertebral fracture can dramatically affect quality of life and prognosis.

For patients on prolonged parenteral nutrition (TPN) — after pancreatic/gastric surgery, short-bowel syndrome, severe Crohn’s disease, or radiation enteritis —
zinc is one of the most easily overlooked yet critically important trace elements.
Only a few milligrams are needed daily, but zinc is involved in over 300 enzymes, wound healing, taste, immunity, and intestinal mucosal repair.
When it is lacking, the body falls into a vicious cycle: wounds won’t close, taste disappears, infections linger, and recovery stalls.