Why are colonoscopies important for cancer screening?

Colonoscopy is a diagnostic way to look inside the large intestine (colon and rectum) to detect polyps, tumors, inflammation, and other abnormalities. Most colorectal cancers originate from polyps, which are often asymptomatic in the early stages but can gradually develop into malignant tumors. Therefore, colonoscopy can not only detect early polyps, but also remove polyps directly during the examination, thereby preventing the occurrence of cancer.

Colonoscopy methods and procedures

1. Uses of colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is mainly used to detect abnormalities inside the large intestine, including polyps, inflammation, ulcers and tumors. It is considered the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening because it can not only visually observe the condition of the lining of the large intestine, but also perform biopsies and even directly remove polyps when abnormalities are found.

2. Colonoscopy Procedure

Before the examination, the patient needs to take bowel cleansing drugs and fast for several hours before the examination to ensure that the inside of the large intestine is clean. During the examination, the doctor will insert a long, flexible tube (colonoscope) with a camera into the rectum through the anus and slowly push it into the colon to view the lining of the large intestine. The entire procedure usually takes 30-60 minutes, and the patient usually receives sedation or anesthesia to reduce discomfort.

3. Biopsy and polypectomy

During a colonoscopy, if suspicious lesions or polyps are found, the doctor can use the tools inside the colonoscope to remove tissue samples for biopsy, or directly remove the polyps. A biopsy can determine the pathological properties of the tissue to confirm whether it is cancer or precancerous lesions.

Who should consider a colonoscopy?

1. Age factor: It is generally recommended that adults over the age of 50 undergo regular colonoscopies to screen for and prevent colorectal cancer. Depending on the risk profile, inspection intervals may range from 5 to 10 years.

2. High-risk groups: those with a family history of colorectal cancer, hereditary intestinal diseases (such as familial adenomatous polyposis or hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer), long-term People with inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, should start having colonoscopies earlier and more frequently.

3. Symptom reminder: People who experience symptoms such as persistent abdominal pain, bloody stools, changes in bowel habits, weight loss, or anemia should seek medical attention immediately and consider a colonoscopy, as these may A warning sign of colorectal cancer or other intestinal problems.

Benefits of colonoscopy in cancer screening

1. Early detection of colorectal cancer: Colonoscopy can detect lesions in the early stages of colorectal cancer and provide timely treatment, which usually leads to a better prognosis and higher risk of colorectal cancer. Survival rates and more treatment options.

2. Prevent cancer: Through colonoscopy, polyps can be detected and removed in time to prevent them from developing into cancer.

3. Biopsy and diagnosis: A colonoscopy can perform a tissue biopsy to determine the nature of the suspicious lesion and assist in developing a treatment plan if necessary.

Challenges and Notes

1. Discomfort: The bowel cleansing process may make the patient feel uncomfortable, and the test itself may cause mild bloating or cramping, but this is usually temporary.

2. Risks: Although colonoscopy is a relatively safe procedure, there are minor risks, such as bleeding, intestinal perforation, or anesthesia-related reactions.

Conclusion

Colonoscopy is important in the screening and prevention of colorectal cancer, especially for people over 50 years old or with high-risk factors. Through colonoscopy, colorectal cancer or precancerous lesions can be detected at an early stage, and treatment measures can be taken promptly to improve survival rates and reduce disease progression. If you are at high risk or are experiencing gut-related symptoms, talk to your doctor about developing a plan of tests to ensure your gut is healthy.

Medical Disclaimer:

The information provided in this article is for educational and informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical diagnosis, treatment or advice . Always consult your physician or other qualified health professional with any questions you may have regarding your medical condition or medical problems. The content of this article is not intended to recommend any specific test, treatment, or medication and should not be considered such advice. If you develop symptoms or need medical assistance, please contact a medical professional promptly.